申友雅思Sofia老师简介:
申友雅思金牌讲师,主讲雅思写作,持英语专业八级证书,英文专业知识扎实。多年教学经验,讲课耐心细致,授以学生灵活实用的写作方法和技巧,对于不同基础的学生进行针对性教学,帮助众多学员考出理想的分数,深受学员和家长的一致认可。
例题:Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do?
解释人类破坏环境的一些方式。政府能做些什么来解决这些问题呢? 个人能做什么?
Humans are responsible for a variety of environmental problems, but we can also take steps to reduce the damage that we are causing to the planet. This essay will discuss environmental problems and the measures that governments and individuals can take to address these problems.
首段:对文题paraphrase并做概括性回应:
人类应对各种环境问题负责,但我们也可以采取措施减少我们对地球造成的破坏。这篇文章将讨论环境问题和政府和个人可以采取的措施来解决这些问题。
用词:be responsible for这里意同contribute to
采取措施:take/adopt/implement steps/ measures/action
主体部分我们分成3段来回应作文题目的3个问题:
Two of the biggest threats to the environment are air pollution and waste. Gas emissions from factories and exhaust fumes from vehicles lead to global warming, which may have a devastating effect on the planet in the future. As the human population increases, we are also producing ever greater quantities of waste, which contaminates the earth and pollutes rivers and oceans.
思路:对环境的两个最大的威胁是空气污染和垃圾。工厂排放的气体和汽车排放的废气导致全球变暖,这可能在未来对地球造成毁灭性的影响。随着人口的增加,我们也产生了越来越多的废物,污染了地球,污染了河流和海洋。
Governments could certainly make more effort to reduce air pollution. They could introduce laws to limit emissions from factories or to force companies to use renewable energy from solar, wind or water power. They could also impose "green taxes' on drivers and airline companies. In this way, people would be encouraged to use public transport and to take fewer flights abroad, therefore reducing emissions.
思路:政府当然可以做出更多的努力来减少空气污染。他们可以出台法律来限制工厂的排放,或者迫使企业使用太阳能、风能或水力等可再生能源。他们还可以对司机和航空公司征收“绿色税”。通过这种方式,人们将被鼓励使用公共交通工具,并乘坐更少的航班出国,从而减少排放。
Individuals should also take responsibility for the impact they have on the environment. They can take public transport rather than driving, choose products with less packaging, and recycle as much as possible. Most supermarkets now provide reusable bags for shoppers as well as 'banks' for recycling glass, plastic and paper in their car parks. By reusing and recycling, we can help to reduce waste.
思路:个人也应该为他们对环境的影响承担责任。他们可以乘坐公共交通工具而不是开车,选择包装更少的产品,并尽可能地回收利用。现在,大多数超市都为购物者提供可重复使用的购物袋,并在停车场为回收玻璃、塑料和纸张提供“银行”。通过重复使用和回收利用,我们可以帮助减少浪费。
In conclusion, both national governments and individuals must play their part in looking after the environment.
涉及政府的话题思路补充:
其实很多话题都会提到政府,某种情况出现了,政府能做什么?
那么政府的作用通常有哪些呢?咱们一起来看下:
(1 ). 权利(制定新规/法律 防止.../发展...)
(2 ). 倡导力(让媒体宣传...的好处/坏处)
(3 ). 财力(输出→提供资金,输入←税收)
(4 ). 基础设施建设
英文表述:
(1-2 ). 权利/倡导力
Government could introduce laws to limit ... or to force... to do sth. They could also impose taxes on...
politicians have the power to ban sth from... and promote the use of..., which would help to do ...
(3 ). 财力
Government should support ... financially.
(sth should be fund by government subsidies / Government could invest money in .../ Governments and local councils should pay sb to do sth.)
( 消极影响: increase the financial burden on governments )
If governments did help with these costs, they would see an increase in employment in...
( 积极影响:increase government tax revenue )
(4 ). 基础设施建设
Governments only have limited amounts of public money, they have more important concerns. For example, state budgets need to be spent on education, healthcare, infrastructure, security (crime prevention), and pollution control, among other areas. These public services are vital for a country to function properly.
如果政府出钱资助...,那么可能会影响基础设施建设。